SAFETY DATA SHEET
in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 (REACH) and OSHA HazCom Appendix D to §1910.1200 and 49CFR §172
Product no.: Dyne Test Pens
Page 1 of 10 Rev date: 01/01/2019, Version 1.3 en US
- Identification of the substance or mixture and of the company
1.1 Product identifier
Trade name / designation: dyne test Pens
Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against
1,2, Uses of the substance or mixture:
Determination of the surface tension and surface cleanliness of solids (films / molded parts) made of plastic, metal, glass etc.!
1.3. Details of the manufacturer and supplier of original SDS
Company Name: Esmarco Corp, USA
Contact Mr, J, Rincon
Tel: +1 954 551 3502
Email: info@kolorguide.com
1.4 Details of the agent/distributor
Agent Name Esmarco Corp
Contact: Tel: 1 954 5513502
Email: Jmrincon@esmar.co
1.5 Emergency:
Infotrac, US, PR, CA: 1.800.535.5053
Infotrac, Global: +1 352.323.3500
- Possible Dangers
2.1 Classification of the mixture Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008
Hazard categories:- 2-ethoxyethanol and Methyl Violet 28 are considered hazardous by the 2012 OSHA Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200). Acute toxicity – oral: 2-ethoxyethanol, Category 4; Methyl Violet 28, Category 4
- Acute toxicity – ingestion: 2-ethoxyethanol, Category 4
- Acute toxicity – inhalation: 2-ethoxyethanol, Category 4
- Serious eye damage/irritation: 2-ethoxyethanol, Category 28; Methyl Violet 28, Category 2A Reproductive toxicity: 2-ethoxyethanol, Category 18; formamide, Category 18
- Specific organ toxicity, repeated exposure: 2-ethoxyethanol, Category 2; formamide, Category 2 Flammable liquids: 2-ethoxyethanol, Category 3
Additional information:
Full text of of H and EUH phrases: see under section 16. 2.2Labelling elements
Labelling in accordance with Regulation (EG No. 1272/2008 [CLP] Product Identifier: QUICKTEST 38®
Hazard pictograms:
Signal word: Danger
Hazard statements:
H222: Flammable liquid and vapor
- H222: Flammable liquid and vapor
- H302: Harmful if swallowed
- H313: Causes eye irritation
- H332: Harmful if inhaled
- 351 Suspected of causing cancer
- H360 May damage fertility of the unborn child
- H373 May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure if swallow
Precautionary statements:
- P201: Obtain special instructions before use
- P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood P210: Keep away from heat, sparks, or open flames
- P233: Keep container tighijy closed
- P264: Wash hands and face thoroughly after handling P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product P271: Use only in a well-ventilated area
- P280: Wear long-sleeved clothing and gloves
Precautionary statements – Response::
If in eyes: Rise with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. If 1rntat1on persists get
Medical attention:
If on skin: Remove all contaminated clothing immediately. Rinse skin with water. If skin irritation occurs, get medical attention.
If swallowed: Call a poison center or physician if you feel unwell.
Precautionary statements – Disposal:
P501: Dispose of contents/container to an approved waste disposal plant
Signal word: Danger
2.3 Other hazards:
Results of PBT and vPvB assessment: SECTION 12: Ecological Information
NOTE: The information contained in this Safety Data Sheet refers to theDyne test Pens. Because the pens contain an absorbed and comparatively small quantity of ink, most of this information will not be relevant to the user. See Section 7.1 for Safe Handling.
- Composition / Information on Ingredients3.1 Mixtures
- Hazardous ingredient
Concentration Seetelow Seetelow Seetelow
3.0 grams iter (0.3% w/v)
| Designation | ||||
| CAS No. | EC No. | REACH No. | Index No. | % |
| Classification in accordance with Regulation (EG) No. 1272 [CLP] | MG in g/mol | |||
CAS No. EC No. REACH No. Index No. %
Classification in accordance with Regulation (EG) No. 1272 [CLP] MG in g/mol
Ethanol
64-17-5 200-578-6 01-2119457610-43 85 – <90 %
Flam. liq. 2, eye irrit. 2; H225 H319
9-[2-(989-38-8Ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-3,6-bis(ethylamino)-2,7-dimethylxanthylium chloride
989-38-8 213-584-9 213-584-9 1 – <5 %
Acute toxicity 3, eye dam. 1, aquatic acute1, aquatic chronic 1; H301 H318 H400 H410
Additional information:
Full text of H and EUH phrases: see under section 16.
- First Aid Measures
4.1 Description of first aid measures
In case of accident or if feeling unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show doctor directions for use or safety data sheet if possible). If the person is likely to become unconscious, place and transport in stable sideways position. Do not administer anything if the person is unconscious or having convulsions. Take off all contaminated clothing immediately.
After inhalation:
Bring the person concerned into fresh air. Move the person concerned into a relaxed position and keep warm. Call a doctor if feeling unwell.
After skin contact:
IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/take off all contaminated clothing immediately. Rinse skin with water/shower. If skin irritation occurs: get medical advice/attention.
After eye contact:
In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately for 10 to 15 minutes with running water with the eyelids open and consult an ophthalmologist
After ingestion:
Rinse mouth immediately and drink large quantities of water. Do NOT induce vomiting. Call a doctor if feeling unwell.
4.2 Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
Causes serious eye irritation.
4.3 Indication of any immediate medical attention or special treatment needed
Treat symptomatically.
- Fire-fighting Measures
5.1 Extinguishing agents:
Water spray, carbon dioxide (CO2), alcohol-resistant foam, extinguishing powder Unsuitable: full water jet
5.2 Specific hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Flammable. Vapors may form an explosive mixture with air. Vapors are heavier than air and spread over the floor.
In case of fire: Hazardous decomposition products: Carbon dioxide (CO2). Carbon monoxide. Gases, vapors, harmful
5.3 Advice for fire-fighters
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and a chemical protective suit. Adapt extinguishing measures to suit the environment.
Additional information:
Use water spray to protect people and to cool containers in the danger zone. Damp down gases/vapors/mist with a water spray jet. Collect contaminated extinguishing water separately. Do not empty into drains or waterways. - Accidental Release Measures
6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Eliminate all ignition sources. Bring people to safety.
Ensure adequate ventilation.
Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapor/spray. Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing. Wear personal protective equipment.
6.2 Environmental precautions:
Do not empty into drains or waterways. Do not allow to enter the ground/soil.
Inform the respective authorities in case of gas leaks or seepage into waterways, soil or drains.
6.3 Methods and material for containment and cleaning up
Absorb with liquid-binding material (sand, diatomaceous earth, acid binders, and universal binders). Treat the recovered material as prescribed in the “Disposal” section.
6.4 Reference to other sections
Safe handling: see section 7
Personal protective equipment: see section 8 Disposal: see section 13 - Handling and Storage
7.1 Precautions for safe handling Advice on safe handling:
Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Wear personal protective equipment.
Provide for sufficient ventilation and punctiform suction at critical points. Avoid: Generation/formation of aerosols
Do not inhale vapor/aerosol.
Vapors/aerosols should be extracted directly at source.
Explosive / highly flammable mixtures may develop in case of insufficient ventilation and/or through use. Only use the material in places where open light, fire and other flammable sources can be kept away.
Take precautionary measures against static discharges.
(Provide grounding of containers, equipment, pumps and extraction units). Only use antistatic (non-sparking) tools.
Precautions against fire and explosion
Keep away from sources of ignition – no smoking. Take precautionary measures against static discharges. Vapors may form an explosive mixture with air.
Ignitable mixtures may form in empty containers.
7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities Requirements for storage facilities and containers:
Store in a place that is only accessible to authorized persons. Keep away from sources of ignition – no smoking.
Keep containers tightly closed and store in a cool, well-ventilated place. Keep only in the original container.
Use explosion-proof machinery, equipment, extraction units, instruments, etc. Floors should be impervious, waterproof and easy to clean.
Information on storage with other products
Do not store together with: oxidizing agents, acid, concentrated; alkalis (lye), concentrated. Observe regulations for storage of flammable liquids.
Further information on storage conditions
Keep only in the original container in a cool, well-ventilated place. Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames as well as other ignition sources. No smoking. Protect from direct sunlight. (Heating causes an increase in pressure and a risk of bursting.) Storage class in accordance with TRGS 510: 3 (Flammable liquids).
7.3 Specific end uses:
There are no other specific end uses other than those referred to in section 1.
- Exposure Limitation and Control / Personal Protective Equipment
8.1 Control parameters
Workplace limit values (TRGS 900)
CAS No. Designation ppm mg/m³ F/m³ Peak limit Art
64-17-5 Ethanol 500 960 2(II)
DNEL/DMEL values
CAS No. Designation
DNEL type Exposure route Effect Value
Workers DNE, acute Inhalation Local 1900 mg/m3
Workers DNEL, long-term Dermal Systemic 343 mg/kg KG/d
Workers DNEL, long-term Inhalation Systemic 950 mg/m3
Consumers DNEL, acute Inhalation Local 950 mg/m3
Consumers DNEL, long-term Dermal Systemic 206 mg/kg KG/d
Consumers DNEL, long-term Inhalation Systemic 114 mg/m3
Consumers DNEL, long-term Oral Systemic 87 mg/kg KG/d
PNEC values
CAS No. Designation
Environmental compartment Value
64-17-5 Ethanol
Fresh water 0.96 mg/l
Sea water 0.79 mg/l
Fresh water sediment 3.6 mg/kg
Marine sediment 2.9 mg/kg
Soil 0.63 mg/kg
Micro-organisms in waste water treatment plants 580 mg/l
Additional information on limit values
Ethanol:
TRGS 900, AGW (Germany): DFG Y: There is no need to be concerned about the risk of fetal damage when complying with the workplace limit values (AGW) and the biological limit values (BGW).
8.2 Exposure limitation and control
8.2.1 Appropriate engineering controls:
Adequate technical ventilation must be provided for the whole working area if local extraction is not possible or is inadequate.
8.2.2 Personal protective equipment: Protective and hygiene measures
Do not breathe gas/vapor/spray. Change contaminated clothing. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of the working day. When using do not eat or drink. Cloths contaminated with product should not be kept in trouser pockets. Replace gloves immediately if you notice any cracks or other changes in size, color, elasticity etc.! Prepare a skin protection plan.
Eye protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles. Eye baths must be provided and their location must be clearly marked.
Hand protection:
Only chemical protective gloves with a CE mark and four-digit test number must be worn when handling chemical agents. (See DIN EN 374).
Prepare and observe a skin protection plan!
Chemical gloves need to be selected specifically for the workplace based on the concentration and volume of hazardous substances.
It is recommended to check the chemical resistance of the above-mentioned protective gloves for special applications with the glove manufacturer.
Protective gloves should be replaced immediately in case of damage or wear Recommended material: Butyl rubber.
Information on the breakthrough times for the substances referred to in section 3 of this safety data sheet should be obtained from the glove manufacturer.
Body protection:
Flame-proof protective clothing. Wear antistatic shoes and work clothing.
The wearing of closed chemical-resistant protective work clothing is required in addition to personal protective equipment. After contact with skin, take off all contaminated clothing immediately and wash right away with plenty of water and soap. Everyday clothing should be stored separately from work clothing.
Respiratory protection:
In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. Required when vapors and aerosols are generated. Required when vapors and aerosols are generated.
Recommended respiratory protection: combined filter device (EN 14387) type A-P2.
8.2.3 Environmental exposure limitation and control
Do not empty into drains or waterways.
Avoid seepage into the ground. Inform the respective authorities if the product contaminates waterways or drains. Inform the respective authorities if the product penetrates into the soil.
- Physical and Chemical Properties
9.1 Information on basic physical and chemical properties
Physical form: liquid
Color: red
Odor: solvent
Status changes Test standard
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 78 °C / 172 °F estimated
Flash point: 12 °C / 54 °F estimated
Explosion hazards
Vapors may form an explosive mixture with air. Vapors are heavier than air and spread over the floor.
Lower explosion limit: 3.5 % vol. estimated
Upper explosion limit: 15 % vol. estimated
Ignition temperature: 425 °C / 797 °F estimated
Density: not specified
Partition coefficient: not specified
9.2 Other information
Solids content not specified - . Stability and Reactivity
10.1 Reactivity:
Flammable, risk of ignition.
10.2 Chemical stability:
The mixture is chemically stable under the recommended storage, operating and temperature conditions.
10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions:
May form explosive/flammable vapor/air mixtures when in use.
Empty, uncleaned containers may contain product gases that form explosive mixtures with air.
10.4 Conditions to avoid:
UV radiation/sunlight.
Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames as well as other ignition sources. No smoking. Take precautionary measures against static discharges.
10.5 Incompatible materials:
Oxidizing agents, alkalis, concentrated. Acid, concentrated.
10.6 Hazardous decomposition products:
The following may be produced in case of fire: Carbon dioxide (CO2). Carbon monoxide. Nitrogen oxide (NOx). Formaldehyde. Gases/vapors that are harmful to health.
- . Toxicological Information
11.1 Information on toxicological effects
11.1.1 Substances
Acute toxicity
The classification criteria are not met based on the data available.
9-[2-(Ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-3,6-bis(ethylamino)-2,7-dimethylxanthylium chloride:
Rat (inhalation ): 8h (IRT)
No mortality within the stated exposure time in animal testing. Assessment was derived from products of a similar chemical structure.
CAS No. Designation
Exposure routes Method Dose Species Source
64-17-5 Ethanol
Oral LD50 >2000 mg/kg Rat OECD 401
Dermal LD50 >2000 mg/kg Rabbit OECD 402
Inhalation (4 h) vapor LC50 >20 mg/l Rat
989-38-8 9-[2-(Ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-3,6-bis(ethylamino)-2,7-dimethylxanthylium chloride
Oral LD50 250 mg/kg Rat
Dermal LD50 >2500 mg/kg Rat
Irritant and corrosive effect Causes serious eye irritation. Ethanol:
Irritant effect on the skin: causes no irritation.
Irritant effect on the eye: irritating to eyes.
9-[2-(Ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-3,6-bis(ethylamino)-2,7-dimethylxanthylium chloride:
Irritant effect on the skin: causes no irritation.
Irritant effect on the eye: risk of serious damage to eyes.
Sensitizing effects
The classification criteria are not met based on the data available.
Ethanol:
No sensitizing effect.
9-[2-(Ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-3,6-bis(ethylamino)-2,7-dimethylxanthylium chloride:
no data available
CMR effects (carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and toxicity for reproduction)
The classification criteria are not met based on the data available.
Ethanol:
Carcinogenicity: none
Germ cell mutagenicity: none
Reproductive toxicity: none
9-[2-(Ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-3,6-bis(ethylamino)-2,7-dimethylxanthylium chloride:
Carcinogenicity: no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity: no data available
Reproductive toxicity: no data available
Specific target organ toxicity (single exposure)
The classification criteria are not met based on the data available.
Ethanol:
none
9-[2-(Ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-3,6-bis(ethylamino)-2,7-dimethylxanthylium chloride:
no data available
Specific target organ toxicity (repeated exposure)
The classification criteria are not met based on the data available.
Ethanol:
none
9-[2-(Ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-3,6-bis(ethylamino)-2,7-dimethylxanthylium chloride:
no data available Risk of aspiration
The classification criteria are not met based on the data available.
Ethanol:
Classification: none
9-[2-(Ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-3,6-bis(ethylamino)-2,7-dimethylxanthylium chloride:
Not applicable
Further information:
Systemic effects: After absorption of large quantities: tiredness, CNS disorders, headache, dizziness,
convulsions, unconsciousness, drop in blood pressure, tachycardia The mixture is classified as hazardous in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 [CLP].
Practical experience
Observations relevant for classification
Prolonged or repeated skin contact may lead to skin degreasing and therefore to skin irritation. Liquid splashed in the eye may cause irritation and reversible damage.
- Ecological Information
12.1 Ecotoxicity:
Toxic to aquatic organisms with long-lasting effects. Ethanol (cf. ethyl alcohol):
EC50: 6500 mg/l 16 h Species: Pseudomonas putida LC50: > 100 mg/l 24 h Species: Daphnia magna LC50: 8140 mg/l 48 h Species: Leuciscus idus
9-[2-(Ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-3,6-bis(ethylamino)-2,7-dimethylxanthylium chloride:
Very toxic to aquatic organisms with long-lasting effects. Microorganisms / effect on activated sludge:
EC10: 7 mg/l, Pseudomonas putida (DIN 38412 Part 27 (draft))
CAS No. Designation
Aquatic toxicity Method Dose [h | [d]] Species Source
64-17-5 Ethanol
Acute fish toxicity LC50 15300 mg/l 96 h Pimephales promelas (Fathead
minnow) Flow test US-EP
Acute crustacean toxicity
EC50 >10000 mg/l
48 h Daphnia magna (water
flea)
Acute algal toxicity ErC50 275 mg/l
72 h Chlorella vulgaris
OECD 201
989-38-8 9-[2-(Ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-3,6-bis(ethylamino)-2,7-dimethylxanthylium chloride
Acute fish toxicity LC50 >2.2 – <4.6
96 hmg/l Leuciscus idus (orfe) golden
12.2 Persistence and degradability The product was not tested. Ethanol:
Degree of elimination: > 70 % Other information:
CSB: 1600 g O2/kg BSB5: 1350 gO2/g
9-[2-(Ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-3,6-bis(ethylamino)-2,7-dimethylxanthylium chloride:
The product is readily biodegradable.
Behavior in waste water treatment plants (adsorption of activated sludge): moderate/partial elimination from the water.
CAS No. Designation
Method Value D Source
Assessment
64-17-5 Ethanol
Biodegradability 84% 20
Readily biodegradable. 12.3 Bioaccumulation potential: The product was not tested. Ethanol:
Bioaccumulation potential: none
9-[2-(Ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-3,6-bis(ethylamino)-2,7-dimethylxanthylium chloride:
no data available
Partition coefficient in n-Octanol/water
CAS No. Designation Log Pow
64-17-5 Ethanol -0.3
BCF
CAS No. Designation BCF Species Source
64-17-5 Ethanol 0.66
12.4 Mobility in soil
The product was not tested.
Ethanol:
The product is mobile in an aqueous environment.
9-[2-(Ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-3,6-bis(ethylamino)-2,7-dimethylxanthylium chloride:
No data available
12.5 Results of PBT and vPvB assessment
The product was not tested.
Ethanol:
This substance does not meet the criteria for classification as PBT or vPvB.
9-[2-(Ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-3,6-bis(ethylamino)-2,7-dimethylxanthylium chloride:
No data available
12.6 Other harmful effects:
The product was not tested.
9-[2-(Ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-3,6-bis(ethylamino)-2,7-dimethylxanthylium chloride:
The product contains organically bound halogen in accordance with the formulation. It can contribute to the AOX value in the effluent from waste water treatment plants or in waterways.
12.7 Additional eco-toxicological information:
Do not discharge product unmonitored into the environment.
- Disposal Considerations
13.1 Waste management process
This product and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. Disposal of contents and containers in accordance with local/regional/international regulations.
Information relevant for waste water disposal
Do not allow to enter sewerage system.
13.2 Relevant waste legislation
The assignment of the waste code numbers /waste designations shall be carried out in accordance with EAKV in a sector- and process-specific manner.
13.3 Notes
Waste shall be separated in such a way that it can be treated separately by municipal or national waste facilities. Please observe the relevant national or regional regulations. For the U.S., please refer to https://www.epa.gov/hw.
13.4 Further information
Ink that is no longer usable can be returned for disposal. - Transport Information
14.1 Special precautions for users
Not classified as a hazardous material according to the ADR/RID, IATA transport regulations
Overland transport (ADR/RID)
UN number UN 3175
Special regulations 216
Special regualtions 47 (Not Restricted per Special Provisions 47)
Air transport (IATA/)
UN number: UN 3175
Special regulations: A46 (Not Restricted per Special Provisions A46)
Classification: “not restricted”
Special precautions for users
Caution: Flammable liquid substance
The transport regulations are cited in accordance with the international regulations and in the form in, which they are applied in Germany. Possible deviations in other countries are not taken into considerations.
14.2 Transport in bulk according to Annex II of the MARPOL 73/78 Convention and the IBC Code
Not applicable
- Regulatory Information
15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations/legislation specific for the substance or mixture
15.1.1 EU regulations
Information concerning VOC Directive 2004/42/EC: 89.1% ~ 775.54g/l
15.1.2 National regulations (Germany)
Water hazard class: 2 – hazardous to water
Status: rule of mixture in accordance with the General Administrative Regulation under the Federal Water Act on the Classification of Substances Hazardous to Water in Water Hazard Classes (VwVws), Annex 4, No. 3
15.2 Chemical safety assessment:
A chemical safety assessment was carried out for the following substances in this mixture: Ethanol - Other Information
16.1 Abbreviations and acronyms
ADR European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road IMDG Code International Maritime Code for Dangerous Goods
IATA-DGR International Air Transport Association – Dangerous Goods Regulations GHS Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals OECD Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
EINECS European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances is the European Union Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (waste materials)
ELINCS European List of Notified Chemical Substances (in German: Europäisches Verzeichnis der auf dem Markt vorhandenen chemischen Stoffe)
CAS Chemical Abstracts Service
LC Lethal Concentration
LL Lethal Load
LD Lethal Dose
EC Effective Concentration
EL Effective Load
ATE Acute Toxicity Estimate
DNEL Derived No-effect Level
PNEC Predicted No-effect Concentration
PBT Persistent, Bio-accumulative, Toxic
vPvB very Persistent and very Bio-accumulative
NOAEL Highest dose at which there was not an observed toxic or adverse effect. LOAEL Lowest dose at which there was an observed toxic or adverse effect
DFG Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area of the DFG (MAK Commission) [=German Research Foundation]
16.2 Most important literature references and data sources
The data for the hazardous ingredients was taken from the most recent version of the pre-supplier’s safety data sheet.
16.3 Classification of mixtures and evaluation methods used in accordance with Regulation (EC) No.
1272/2008 [CLP]
See section 2.1 (classification).
16.4 Wording of H and EUH phrases (number and full text):
H225 Highly flammable liquid and vapor. H301 Toxic if swallowed.
H318 Causes severe eye irritation. H319 Causes serious eye irritation. H400 Very toxic to aquatic organisms.
H410 Very toxic to aquatic organisms with long-lasting effects. H411 Toxic to aquatic organisms with long-lasting effects.
16.5 Training advice:
Provide appropriate information, instructions, and training for users.
16.6 Other information:
The information contained in this safety data sheet reflects the latest findings, to the best of our knowledge, at the time of printing. The information is intended to give you advice about the safe handling of the product named in this safety data sheet, for storage, processing, transport and disposal. The information cannot be transferred to other products. If the product is mixed, blended or processed with other materials or undergoes processing, the information in this safety data sheet may not be valid for the new material produced in this way, unless expressly stated otherwise.
The information contained herein is based on present knowledge and characterizes the product with regard to the appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent a guarantee of the properties of the product described.
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